This tool is donation based and free. 🙏 We're looking for donations to keep it running — $360/year covers our server costs.

$18 of $360 · 5%
Donate

Teenagers belonging, power, enjoyment not proven drivers

Question asked:

“According to Pardede and Kovac (2023), teenagers’ needs for belonging, power, enjoyment, and independence are strong drivers of their behaviours.”
Not supported
Confidence: High Checked on September 18, 2026

Summary

No retrieved source confirms that Pardede and Kovac (2023) identified belonging, power, enjoyment, and independence as strong drivers of teenage behavior. The available literature discusses related adolescent needs but does not attribute this specific claim to the cited authors.

Sources 60 searched

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  • Characteristics of Adolescence That Can Affect Driving - Preventing Teen Motor Crashes - NCBI Bookshelf

    A complex web of physiological, psychological, and environmental conditions contributes to an increase in impulsivity in adolescents and influences both decision making and regulatory functions that affect driving as well as other adolescent behaviors. Indeed, a hallmark of this stage of life, not only in humans but also in other mammals, is the tendency toward increased risk-taking and novelty-seeking, as well as an increased focus on social context (Romer, 2003; Lerner and Steinberg, 2004). These characteristics foster the development of independence at the same time that they increase young people’s exposure to risk, and it is important to note that they involve both natural and adaptive processes, even though they can have very negative results.

files.eric.ed.gov
opa.hhs.gov
  • Healthy Relationships in Adolescence | HHS Office of Population Affairs

    In later adolescence, youth have more diverse friend groups and have independent preferences that they aren’t afraid to express within their social circles.7-10 · Positive connections provide youth with companionship, support, and a sense of belonging. They can encourage or reinforce healthy behavior,11 like positive academic engagement; and help youth develop positive social skills12 like cooperation, communication, conflict resolution, and resisting negative peer pressure.

This fact check is free and donation-based. $1 powers ~30 fact-checks.

Donate $1 to support fact-checking

Check another fact