Britannica Accurately Describes Cellular Respiration

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... Cellular respiration is a three-part process through which chemical energy in the form of ATP is created from glucose through a complex set of processes that require an array of proteins, including nicotinamide adenine diphosphate (NAD), NADP, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and cytochromes.

SDH is the only mitochondrial enzyme common both for electron and carbon fluxes, thus representing the unique molecule for cross control between cellular respiration and the Krebs cycle. Frequent burst of activity requiring adequate ATP amounts is an almost physiological condition of nerve cells; thus the activity of SDH reasonably may be considered as a reliable marker of the efficiency of ATP provision in neurons when energy demand is high. SDH activity can clearly be evidenced within single organelles by the preferential cytochemical reaction of copper ferrocyanide.

Cellular respiration involves the ... with the removal of water. It has now been proven that these two fundamentally different chemical processes are coupled via H+ ions, which are delivered to the ATP-synthase from respiratory chain proteins....

Ketosis is a reaction that yields ATP through the catabolism of ketone bodies. During ketosis, ketone bodies undergo catabolism to produce energy, generating 22 ATP molecules and 2 GTP molecules per acetoacetate molecule that is oxidized in the mitochondria. ... When oxygen is scarce or unavailable ...

It was seen that two to four molecules of ATP for two succinate molecules as substrate and four to six molecules of ATP were yielded for two NADH molecules. Under normal cellular conditions (and with bond energetics calculation), the free energy change term for two-electron transfers from NAD+/NADH ...

The cell response to this notification depends on the strength of the CL signal, namely on the amount of cardiolipin in the OMM and on whether this CL is oxidized [82,83]. If the signal is weak (low CL levels in the OMM), damaged mitochondria undergo mitophagy. This process is related to macroautophagy, where unnecessary cellular components are enclosed in autophagosomes.

This process generates large amounts of ATP. On the other hand, when the oxygen supply is deficient, the body switches to ​‘anaerobic’ respiration (anaerobic = lacking oxygen) that occurs in the cell cytoplasm and generates comparatively lesser ATP.

Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to make useable energy in the form of ATP.