Is it true early humans had a bite force equivalent to go...

Despite this, it has been proposed that, relative to recent modern humans, H. heidelbergensis could generate slightly higher bite forces, absolutely and relative to crown area, at the first molar, and slightly lower bite forces at the first incisor ...

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Models of fossil hominins and chimpanzees were assigned properties averaged from one chimpanzee and one gorilla from 14 homologous locations across the craniofacial skeleton (average E = approx. 17 GPa) [28], while the human models were assigned properties averaged from two modern human specimens from the same 14 sites plus 15 additional sites (average E = approx. 21 GPa) [29]. Bone material properties in chimpanzees and human crania are broadly similar [108] and these are the extant taxa that phylogenetically bracket early hominins, so our assumptions about bone material properties are reasonable.

Solid line is a least squares best fit (red circle, P. boisei; red square, P. robustus; red triangle, A. afarensis; red diamond, A. africanus; inverted triangle, Homo erectus; blue circle, Homo sapiens; blue triangle, Gorilla spp.; blue square, Pongo spp.; blue diamond, Pan troglodytes; blue inverted triangle, Macaca spp.). Table 1 compares bite forces Pmax calculated from equation (3.1) for fossil hominins as well as for extant primates and peccaries, using averaged molar sizes D (Demes & Creel 1988), with PF calculated from equation (2.1), using the highest measured h (see table S1).

been considered as Neanderthal in the past (Tappen, 1978).

These 6 mean crania were then converted into finite element models and used to conduct two biting simulations: at the right second premolar or second deciduous molar (RP2/RdM2) and right first incisor (RI1), applying the same muscle forces for all models because these are unknown especially for Neanderthals.

With these mechanical advantages, our Neanderthal female was almost unbeatable in two arm wrestling techniques, the hook and the top roll. This was not taking into account the potential differences in muscle fibre types, where our ancient cousin ...

Slate concludes that there’s no way of knowing who would win this battle but cautions that against other potential enemies—such as Homo heidelbergensis, who grew more than seven feet tall and had a tendency towards cannibalism, or Paranthropus boisei, who is described as “a gorilla head on a human body”—a human’s odds likely wouldn’t be quite as high, regardless of wit and training. ... Neanderthal Kids Grew Up So Fast—at Least Compared With Their Human Peers—Thanks to Genetic Adaptations to Their Environment

If a neanderthal man was still alive and became an MMA fighter, would he have any advantages over a modern human male MMA fighter?