Are Five-Stage Models of Collapse Supported by Literature?

Offering a systematic multidisciplinary ... conversations: past collapses, general explanations of collapse, alternatives to collapse, fictional collapses, and future climate change and societal collapse....

Furthermore, we show that this process is inevitable, even for cases with almost ideal conditions for long-term learning, that is, no function estimation error. We also briefly mention two close concepts to model collapse from the existing literature: catastrophic forgetting arising in the framework of task-free continual learning7 and data poisoning8,9 maliciously leading to unintended behaviour.

Societal collapse is difficult ... settlements, and a loss of social and political complexity [2]. More specifically, Tainter, in perhaps the cornerstone scholarly text on societal collapse, writes (p....

The following review of collapse models consists of a synthesis of three different aspects, namely a theoretical, an experimental and a philosophical one, at a level that is technically more advanced than, say, some among the many books available in the literature ([5,6,7]).

It is shown how regularisation of an information theoretic quantity related to this outcome function leads to apparent collapse of the wavefunction. The physical principles and key assumptions that underlie this theory are discussed. Some possible experimental approaches are described. ... Abstract Quantum hypothesis testing has shown the advantages that quantum resources can offer in the discrimination of competing hypothesis. Here, we apply this framework to optomechanical systems and fundamental physics questions.

The scissors model of Malthusian ... with ecological relationships is perhaps the most common feature of collapse. In his book Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed, Jared Diamond proposes five ......

Instead, there is to be found continuum of subjective judgments, ranging from “a severe and prolonged recession” (the prediction we most often read in the financial press), to Kunstler’s evocative but unscientific-sounding “clusterfuck,” to the ever-popular “Collapse of Western Civilization,” painted with an ever-wider brush-stroke. For those of us who have already gone through all of the emotional stages of reconciling ourselves to the prospect of social and economic upheaval, it might be helpful to have a more precise terminology that goes beyond such emotionally charged phrases.

In it, he proposed that societies that have been pushed beyond the point of sustainability tend to move through a set sequence of collapse stages. He identified these as financial, commercial, political, social and cultural collapse.

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