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Fact Check: Why does the census count non-citizens?

“Why does the census count non-citizens?”
For apportionment purposes
Confidence: High Checked on August 21, 2026

Summary

The census counts non‑citizens because the Constitution mandates apportionment based on the total resident population, not just citizens. Including everyone living in the country ensures accurate allocation of House seats, electoral votes, federal funding, and reliable demographic research.

Recheck this fact Runs a fresh check with up-to-date sources

Sources 58 searched

census.gov
  • Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    The counts exclude any overseas federal employees who cannot be successfully allocated back to their home state based on their employers’ administrative records. The counts also exclude private U.S. citizens living overseas who are not employed by the U.S.

  • Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Foreign-Born

    The U.S. Census Bureau uses the term foreign born to refer to anyone who is not a U.S. citizen at birth. This includes naturalized U.S. citizens, non-citizen U.S.

  • About the Foreign-Born Population

    The U.S. Census Bureau uses the term foreign born to refer to anyone who is not a U.S. citizen at birth. This includes naturalized U.S.

congress.gov
www2.census.gov
edwards.house.gov
  • House of Representatives passes Edwards’ bill to only include U.S. citizens in congressional representation | Congressman Chuck Edwards

    The same question that had been legally asked on every census since 1820, until it was removed in 1960 - not because there was anything found wrong with the question, but because the effect of illegal immigration was negligible at the time. But there’s no doubt today, that the effect of illegal immigration is significant. I won’t waste my time making that case – we all know it. It’s a top concern of about 70% of all Americans. "Though commonsense dictates that only citizens should be counted for apportionment purposes, illegal aliens have nonetheless recently been counted toward the final tallies that determine how many House seats each state is allocated and the number of electoral votes it will wield in presidential elections.

cityofsthelena.gov
  • Frequently Asked Questions - CivicPlus.CMS.FAQ

    The census does not only count U.S. citizens. It counts every person living in the country on Census Day, including undocumented immigrants and green card holders, where they usually live and sleep. The Census Bureau has a more detailed breakdown of who is and isn't counted.

factcheck.afp.com
  • Posts exaggerate migrants' impact on US Census, elections | Fact Check

    Social media posts claim Democrats are encouraging the entry of undocumented migrants so they are included in the US census, giving blue states more representation and power over the 2024 presidential election results. This is misleading; experts say it is unclear how newly arrived migrants will affect the apportionment of congressional seats and electoral votes, and that any such change would take effect after the next count in 2030.

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