Kazakh Deaths Exceed Other Ethnicities Due to Forced Collectivization Famine
“why kazakhs died more than other ethnicities”
Summary
Kazakh deaths were dramatically higher than those of other ethnic groups during the 1930s because Soviet forced agricultural collectivization devastated the nomadic pastoral way of life, seized livestock and grain, and caused a famine that killed over a million Kazakhs. In modern mortality data, Kazakhs actually have lower overall death rates than ethnic Russians, with current differences driven by factors such as alcohol consumption and the degree of Russification rather than an inherent Kazakh mortality disadvantage.
Sources 58 searched
- Ethnic differences in all-cause mortality rates in Kazakhstan - ScienceDirect
The gap between female life expectancy ... fertility of Turkic groups, such as Kazakhs and Uzbeks, means that they have a younger age structure than Slavic groups (including ethnic Russians and Ukrainians)....
- Ethnic differences in all-cause mortality rates in Kazakhstan - PubMed
Methods: We calculated age-standardized mortality rates from all causes by ethnic group, gender and age for 2009-2012. We analysed data on self-reported alcohol and tobacco consumption and other lifestyle factors from the nationally representative 5th National Behavior Study, conducted in 2012. Results: Age-standardized all-cause mortality rates are generally much higher among ethnic Russians than among ethnic Kazakhs, both among women and men and in rural as well as urban areas.
- Ethnicity, Russification, and Excess Mortality in Kazakhstan - PubMed
Significant mortality differentials exist by ethnicity for external causes and alcohol-related causes of death. Adult mortality among Kazakhs is higher than previously found among Kyrgyz and lower than among Russians.
- Ethnicity, Russification, and Excess Mortality in Kazakhstan - PMC
Significant mortality differentials exist by ethnicity for external causes and alcohol-related causes of death. Adult mortality among Kazakhs is higher than previously found among Kyrgyz and lower than among Russians. The results suggest that ethnic mortality differentials in Central Asia may be related to the degree of russification, which could be replicating documented patterns of alcohol consumption in non-Russian populations. Keywords: Russian mortality paradox, Central Asia, Kazakhstan, alcohol, mortality gap, ethnic differentials
- Understanding the “Russian Mortality Paradox” in Central Asia: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan - PMC
In the former Soviet republics of central Asia, ethnic Russians have exhibited higher adult mortality than native ethnic groups (e.g., Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek) in spite of the higher socioeconomic status of ethnic Russians. The mortality disadvantage of ethnic Russians at adult ages appears to ...
- The Kazakh Famine of the 1930s | Insights
These deaths were unevenly distributed: Ukraine, the Volga Basin, the Don and Kuban areas of the North Caucasus, and Kazakhstan suffered acutely. But while other ethnic groups suffered, famine affected Kazakhs with striking intensity.
- Kazakhstan - The World Factbook
The Kazakh steppe was conquered by the Russian Empire in the 18th and 19th centuries, and Kazakhstan became a Soviet Republic in 1925. Repression and starvation caused by forced agricultural collectivization led to more than a million deaths ...
- Kazakhstan - 2022 World Factbook Archive
The Kazakh steppe was conquered by the Russian Empire in the 18th and 19th centuries, and Kazakhstan became a Soviet Republic in 1925. Repression and starvation caused by forced agricultural collectivization led to more than a million deaths ...
- Remembering the Kazakh Famine | Davis Center
There are parts of Russia that had high levels of famine mortality. And it's actually Kazakhs that had the highest death rate of any group during collectivization. Sarah Cameron: Third and finally, I think the fact that Kazakhs were nomads is an important part of why this story has been neglected.
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